Knowledge base - Revision history

Ashkotin: TK's def added

2026-04-06T09:15:46Z

TK's def added

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 [https://ontologforum.com/index.php/KenBaclawski <u>https://ontologforum.com/index.php/KenBaclawski</u>]
 [[Category:Definition]]

Ashkotin: BL consolidated

2026-04-02T18:18:24Z

BL consolidated

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:18, 2 April 2026
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	>		>

			<span id="bl001g"></span>
			=== BL001G! ===

	~~<span id="dobl~~-~~group-of-definitions"></span>~~		A knowledge base is a centralized, machine-readable repository of information designed for storage and dissemination.
	~~== (do)BL group~~ of ~~definitions ==~~

	AS:~~It is clear that keeping the same one idea of IT-ontology in mind, BL can consolidate all his definitions in one~~. ~~Part of these definitions are descriptions, maybe all of them~~. ~~And only~~ BL ~~can do this consolidation.~~		URL:[https://groups.google.com/g/ontolog-forum/c/7aaKsG5mS1U/m/k5eTd4lZAgAJ] PID:[[#bl-ben-lutkevich\|<u>BL</u>]]

	<span id="~~bl001g~~"></span>		<span id="comments-2"></span>
	=== ~~BL001G!~~ ===		==== Comments: ====

	~~A knowledge base is a centralized repository of information.~~		<AS:URLs before consolidation:

	URL:[https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/knowledge-base <u>https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/knowledge-base</u>] PID:[[#bl-ben-lutkevich\|<u>BL</u>]]		URL:[https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/knowledge-base <u>https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/knowledge-base</u>] PID:[[#bl-ben-lutkevich\|<u>BL</u>]]

	<~~span id="bl002"~~></~~span~~>		URL:[https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/knowledge-base <u>https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/knowledge-base</u>] PID:[[#bl-ben-lutkevich\|<u>BL</u>]]
	~~=== BL002! ===~~

	~~A knowledge base is a machine-readable resource for the dissemination of information.~~		>

	~~URL:[https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/knowledge-base <u>https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/knowledge-base</u>] PID:[[#bl-ben-lutkevich\|<u>BL</u>]]~~

	<span id="discussion"></span>		<span id="discussion"></span>

Ashkotin: JA defs consolidated

2026-03-31T12:49:45Z

JA defs consolidated

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:49, 31 March 2026
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	<'''AS''': JA's comment supposedly proves that these two sources do not contain a definition marked '''NFES''', and it should be attributed to JA directly!>		<'''AS''': JA's comment supposedly proves that these two sources do not contain a definition marked '''NFES''', and it should be attributed to JA directly!>

	~~<span id="dobl-group-of-definitions"></span>~~
	~~== (do)BL group of definitions ==~~

	AS:It is clear that keeping the same one idea of IT-ontology in mind, BL can consolidate all his definitions in one. Part of these definitions are descriptions, maybe all of them. And only BL can do this consolidation.

	~~<span id="bl001g"></span>~~
	~~=== BL001G! ===~~

	~~A knowledge base is a centralized repository of information.~~

	~~URL:[https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/knowledge-base <u>https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/knowledge-base</u>] PID:[[#bl-ben-lutkevich\|<u>BL</u>]]~~

	~~<span id="bl002"></span>~~
	~~=== BL002! ===~~

	~~A knowledge base is a machine-readable resource for the dissemination of information.~~

	~~URL:[https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/knowledge-base <u>https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/knowledge-base</u>] PID:[[#bl-ben-lutkevich\|<u>BL</u>]]~~

	~~<span id="ja-group-of-definitions"></span>~~
	~~== JA group of definitions ==~~

	AS:It is clear that keeping the same one idea of IT-ontology in mind, JA can consolidate all his definitions in one. PArt of these definitions are descriptions, maybe all of them. And only JA can do this consolidation.

	~~<span id="ja001"></span>~~
	~~=== JA001! ===~~

	~~A knowledge base is any structured or semi-structured repository of information designed for retrieval or inference.~~

	[https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/ontolog-forum/CAG%3D%3DwTd%3DMPKG1E0u9hfYpBDYhZ3xN_Mggj-MUe_-En-M%2BtdkBg@mail.gmail.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer <u>URL</u>] PID:[[#ja-john-antill\|<u>JA</u>]]

	<span id="ja001n"></span>		<span id="ja001n"></span>
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	A knowledge base is a structured or semi-structured repository of information intended for systematic retrieval or inferential use.		A knowledge base is a structured or semi-structured repository of information intended for systematic retrieval or inferential use.

	~~URL~~:~~HERE~~ PID:[[#ja-john-antill\|<u>JA</u>]]		[https://groups.google.com/g/ontolog-forum/c/7aaKsG5mS1U/m/NA-pyb7iAAAJ] PID:[[#ja-john-antill\|<u>JA</u>]]

	<span id="comments-1"></span>		<span id="comments-1"></span>
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	>		>

	~~<span id="ja002"></span>~~
	~~=== JA002! ===~~

	~~A knowledge base is a structured set~~ of ~~knowledge artifacts that supports inference.~~		<span id="dobl-group-of-definitions"></span>
			== (do)BL group of definitions ==

	~~[https~~:~~//groups.google~~.~~com/d/msgid/ontolog-forum/CAG%3D%3DwTdnUH7L9PRKyDcKAchQU1V1_Hcth1G8%2BXt-rfL%3DZtdFfg@mail~~.~~gmail~~.~~com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer <u>URL</u>] PID:[[#ja-john-antill\|<u>JA</u>]]~~		AS:It is clear that keeping the same one idea of IT-ontology in mind, BL can consolidate all his definitions in one. Part of these definitions are descriptions, maybe all of them. And only BL can do this consolidation.

	<span id="~~comments-2~~"></span>		<span id="bl001g"></span>
	===~~= Comments: =~~===		=== BL001G! ===

	~~<'''JA''':Antill, J. (2026). Author-proposed inference-essential definition of~~ knowledge base.		A knowledge base is a centralized repository of information.

	~~This formulation synthesizes and makes explicit the inference requirement present in~~:		URL:[https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/knowledge-base <u>https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/knowledge-base</u>] PID:[[#bl-ben-lutkevich\|<u>BL</u>]]

	<~~ul>~~		<span id="bl002"></span>
	~~<li~~><~~blockquote><p>ISO~~/~~IEC 2382 (1993/1995): “database that contains inference rules and information about human experience and expertise in a domain.”</p></blockquote></li~~>		=== BL002! ===
	<li><blockquote><p>Russell, S., & Norvig, P. (2021). ''Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach'' (4th ed.), p. 228: “A knowledge base (KB) is a set of sentences in a formal language.”</p></blockquote></li>
	<li><blockquote><p>Brachman, R. J., & Levesque, H. J. (2004). ''Knowledge Representation and Reasoning'', Chapter 1 (knowledge base as a set of assertions in a representation language, distinct from reasoning procedures).</p></blockquote></li></ul>

	~~>~~		A knowledge base is a machine-readable resource for the dissemination of information.

	~~<span id="ja002n"></span>~~		URL:[https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/knowledge-base <u>https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/knowledge-base</u>] PID:[[#bl-ben-lutkevich\|<u>BL</u>]]
	~~=== JA002N! ===~~

	~~A structured set of knowledge artifacts in a representation supporting inferential use.~~

	[https://~~groups~~.~~google~~.com/g/~~ontolog~~-~~forum~~/c/~~x_WyrRsN7Q4~~/m/~~idjVyyQyAQAJ <u>URL~~</u>] PID:[[[#ja-~~john~~-~~antill~~\|<u>JA</u>]]

	<span id="discussion"></span>		<span id="discussion"></span>

Ashkotin at 19:53, 28 March 2026

2026-03-28T19:53:28Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:53, 28 March 2026
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	== Rules to keep collection and discussion ==		== Rules to keep collection and discussion ==

	see [https://~~docs.google~~.com/~~document/d/1LbLgXo02Qc5UBK29wDYRpbnTCQwfnQ9ZHikU_KDZFro~~/~~edit?tab=t~~.0 <u>DEFINITIONs. rules & tasks</u>]		see [https://ontologforum.com/index.php/%22DEFINITIONs._rules_and_tasks%22 <u>DEFINITIONs. rules & tasks</u>]

	<span id="collection"></span>		<span id="collection"></span>

Ashkotin: first cut

2026-03-26T13:01:44Z

first cut

New page

This document is a collection of definitions from different sources.

'''DiU''' - definition is unattainable. This means we have a URL to the source description, but not the definition itself!

'''DB''' - database.

'''KB''' - knowledge base.

'''PID''' - person ID. There are two person roles: presenting his own definition xor presenting a reference to the source of the definition.

'''bref''' - bibliographic reference. If not full, keeps "???".

Every definition has a unique ID and is a separate unit of knowledge. If the definition is personal, "!" follows after the ID.

If there is no direct link to the source in the form of a URL, the ID of the person who provided the definition is provided to ask. If the person created the definition himself, the definition's ID is followed by "!".

End letter "G" in definition ID means that the definition is IN GENERAL i.e. not only for IT.

'''General abbr'''

ITSM - IT Service Management refers to the entire lifecycle of designing, delivering, managing, and optimizing IT services for users. URL:???

__TOC__


== Rules to keep collection and discussion ==

see [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1LbLgXo02Qc5UBK29wDYRpbnTCQwfnQ9ZHikU_KDZFro/edit?tab=t.0 DEFINITIONs. rules & tasks]


== COLLECTION ==


=== ISO2382 ===

A knowledge base is a database that contains inference rules and information about human experience and expertise in a domain.

URL:[https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/en/#iso:std:iso-iec:2382:ed-1:v2:en https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/en/#iso:std:iso-iec:2382:ed-1:v2:en] entry numbers: 2121399 2123867.


=== WIKIP ===

A '''knowledge base''' ('''KB''') is a set of sentences, each sentence given in a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_representation_and_reasoning knowledge representation language], with [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interface_(computing) interfaces] to tell new sentences and to ask questions about what is known, where either of these interfaces might use [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inference inference].[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_base#cite_note-1 [1]]

URL:[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_base https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_base]


=== ATERA1 ===

A knowledge base is a centralized database of information categorized to be easily retrievable.

URL:[https://www.atera.com/blog/what-is-a-knowledge-base-in-it/ https://www.atera.com/blog/what-is-a-knowledge-base-in-it/]


=== MOTADATA1 ===

A knowledge base is a digital library containing a curated collection of articles, FAQs, how-to guides, and troubleshooting steps pertaining to a specific technology, product, or service.

URL:[https://www.motadata.com/it-glossary/knowledge-base/ https://www.motadata.com/it-glossary/knowledge-base/]


=== ONTOTEXT1 ===

The knowledge base is a collection of interlinked descriptions of entities (real-world objects, events, situations or concepts) that enables storage, analysis and reuse of this knowledge in a machine-interpretable way.

URL:[https://www.ontotext.com/knowledgehub/fundamentals/what-is-a-knowledge-base/ https://www.ontotext.com/knowledgehub/fundamentals/what-is-a-knowledge-base/]


=== ATLASSIAN1 ===

A knowledge base is a self-serve online library of information about a product, service, department, or topic.

URL:[https://www.atlassian.com/itsm/knowledge-management/what-is-a-knowledge-base https://www.atlassian.com/itsm/knowledge-management/what-is-a-knowledge-base]


=== RNAI ===

A knowledge base is a set of sentences in a formal language.

'''URL''': [http://aima.cs.berkeley.edu/ http://aima.cs.berkeley.edu/] !'''DiU'''! '''PID''': JA '''bref''': Russell, S., & Norvig, P. (2021). Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach (4th ed.). Pearson. Chapter 7, Section 7.1, p. 228.


=== BLKR ===

A KB consists of a representation language plus a set of assertions in that language.

URL:??? PID:[[#ja-john-antill|JA]] bref:Brachman & Levesque, ''Knowledge Representation and Reasoning'' (2004) p.???


=== +?+NFES ===

A KB is the knowledge component separated from the inference engine.

URL:??? PID:[[#ja-john-antill|JA]] bref:???


==== Comments: ====

<'''JA''':Feigenbaum, E. A. (1977). The Art of Artificial Intelligence: Themes and Case Studies of Knowledge Engineering. 
Proceedings of the 5th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI-77), pp. 1014–1029. Stanford University Archive. 
URL: [https://stacks.stanford.edu/file/druid:bg342cm2034/bg342cm2034.pdf https://stacks.stanford.edu/file/druid:bg342cm2034/bg342cm2034.pdf]

Key supporting page: p. 1014 
Quotation: “The knowledge is the key to power. The inference engine is comparatively simple.”

Newell, A. (1982). The Knowledge Level. ''Artificial Intelligence'', 18(1), 87–127. 
[https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-3702(82)90012-1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-3702(82)90012-1]

Relevant discussion: pp. 91–100 (distinction between knowledge level and symbol level; independence of mechanism).

>

<'''AS''': JA's comment supposedly proves that these two sources do not contain a definition marked '''NFES''', and it should be attributed to JA directly!>


== (do)BL group of definitions ==

AS:It is clear that keeping the same one idea of IT-ontology in mind, BL can consolidate all his definitions in one. Part of these definitions are descriptions, maybe all of them. And only BL can do this consolidation.


=== BL001G! ===

A knowledge base is a centralized repository of information.

URL:[https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/knowledge-base https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/knowledge-base] PID:[[#bl-ben-lutkevich|BL]]


=== BL002! ===

A knowledge base is a machine-readable resource for the dissemination of information.

URL:[https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/knowledge-base https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/knowledge-base] PID:[[#bl-ben-lutkevich|BL]]


== JA group of definitions ==

AS:It is clear that keeping the same one idea of IT-ontology in mind, JA can consolidate all his definitions in one. PArt of these definitions are descriptions, maybe all of them. And only JA can do this consolidation.


=== JA001! ===

A knowledge base is any structured or semi-structured repository of information designed for retrieval or inference.

[https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/ontolog-forum/CAG%3D%3DwTd%3DMPKG1E0u9hfYpBDYhZ3xN_Mggj-MUe_-En-M%2BtdkBg@mail.gmail.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer URL] PID:[[#ja-john-antill|JA]]


=== JA001N! ===

A knowledge base is a structured or semi-structured repository of information intended for systematic retrieval or inferential use.

URL:HERE PID:[[#ja-john-antill|JA]]


==== Comments: ====

<JA:Antill, J. (2026). Author-proposed synthesis definition of knowledge base.

This definition synthesizes retrieval-oriented usage in IT service management and inference-oriented usage in artificial intelligence and knowledge representation. It is not directly quoted from a single source.

Conceptually compatible with:

<ul>
<li><blockquote>ISO/IEC 2382 (1993/1995): “database that contains inference rules and information about human experience and expertise in a domain.”</blockquote></li>
<li><blockquote>Russell, S., & Norvig, P. (2021). ''Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach'' (4th ed.), p. 228.</blockquote></li>
<li><blockquote>Common ITSM usage (e.g., Atlassian, Atera), where “knowledge base” denotes a centralized, structured repository for reuse.</blockquote></li></ul>

This formulation permits retrieval-only repositories as knowledge bases.

>


=== JA002! ===

A knowledge base is a structured set of knowledge artifacts that supports inference.

[https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/ontolog-forum/CAG%3D%3DwTdnUH7L9PRKyDcKAchQU1V1_Hcth1G8%2BXt-rfL%3DZtdFfg@mail.gmail.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer URL] PID:[[#ja-john-antill|JA]]


==== Comments: ====

<'''JA''':Antill, J. (2026). Author-proposed inference-essential definition of knowledge base.

This formulation synthesizes and makes explicit the inference requirement present in:

<ul>
<li><blockquote>ISO/IEC 2382 (1993/1995): “database that contains inference rules and information about human experience and expertise in a domain.”</blockquote></li>
<li><blockquote>Russell, S., & Norvig, P. (2021). ''Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach'' (4th ed.), p. 228: “A knowledge base (KB) is a set of sentences in a formal language.”</blockquote></li>
<li><blockquote>Brachman, R. J., & Levesque, H. J. (2004). ''Knowledge Representation and Reasoning'', Chapter 1 (knowledge base as a set of assertions in a representation language, distinct from reasoning procedures).</blockquote></li></ul>

>


=== JA002N! ===

A structured set of knowledge artifacts in a representation supporting inferential use.

[https://groups.google.com/g/ontolog-forum/c/x_WyrRsN7Q4/m/idjVyyQyAQAJ URL] PID:[[[#ja-john-antill|JA]]


== DISCUSSION ==

Range: From "KB is any collection of useful artifacts containing knowledge" of knowledge engineering, to formal ontology - "computer based artifact where knowledge is fully structured and formalized as much as possible".


==== ([[#ja-john-antill|JA]])Classification notes ====

'''ISO2382''' Candidate base definition (recommended for ontology derivation):

ISO2382 is inference-essential and aligns with KR tradition.

Proposed label: KB-I (Inference-essential KB).

'''WIKIP''' Classification: KB-I (inference mentioned explicitly)

'''ATERA1''' Classification: KB-R (retrieval/library oriented; inference not required)

'''MOTADATA1''' Classification: KB-R (retrieval/library oriented; inference not required)

'''ONTOTEXT1''' Classification: KB-I (machine-interpretable; implies formalizable semantics)

'''ATLASSIAN1''' Classification: KB-R (self-serve library; inference not required)


==== ([[#ja-john-antill|JA]])Editorial Decision: Base Definition for Knowledge Base (KB) ====

This document collects definitions of “knowledge base” from multiple communities, including:

<ul>
<li><blockquote>IT service management (retrieval-oriented knowledge bases)</blockquote></li>
<li><blockquote>Artificial intelligence and knowledge representation (inference-oriented knowledge bases)</blockquote></li>
<li><blockquote>Semantic technology and ontology engineering</blockquote></li></ul>

These communities use the term “knowledge base” with different levels of technical rigor.

For the purpose of deriving a definition of '''IT-ontology''', this document adopts an inference-essential base definition of knowledge base.

'''Base Definition (KB-I):'''

<blockquote>A knowledge base is a structured set of knowledge artifacts expressed in a representation that supports systematic retrieval and inferential use.
</blockquote>
Clarifications:

<ul>
<li><blockquote>“Structured” excludes unorganized document collections.</blockquote></li>
<li><blockquote>“Representation” implies an explicit form suitable for systematic processing.</blockquote></li>
<li><blockquote>“Inferential use” means the contents support reasoning, rule application, decision logic, or consequence derivation — not merely keyword retrieval.</blockquote></li>
<li><blockquote>This definition is representation-neutral (it does not require OWL, Prolog, or any specific formalism).</blockquote></li></ul>

This base definition is compatible with:

<ul>
<li><blockquote>ISO/IEC 2382 (inference rules + domain expertise)</blockquote></li>
<li><blockquote>AI/KR literature (sentences in a representation language)</blockquote></li>
<li><blockquote>Practical KM systems that encode decision logic or governance rules</blockquote></li></ul>

It excludes:

<ul>
<li><blockquote>Pure document repositories without structured inferential intent</blockquote></li>
<li><blockquote>Retrieval-only libraries with no decision or reasoning function</blockquote></li></ul>

All subsequent distinctions between “knowledge base” and “IT-ontology” will be derived from this base definition.


== Person IDs ==

in ABC order.


=== AS Alex Shkotin ===

[mailto:ashkotin@acm.org Alex Shkotin]

Independent Computer Scientist

[https://www.linkedin.com/in/ashkotin/ Linkedin] ∘ [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Alex-Shkotin RGate] ∘ [https://mipt.academia.edu/AlexShkotin Academia.edu]

[https://ontologforum.com/ Ontolog] BoT


=== BL Ben Lutkevich ===

[https://www.techtarget.com/contributor/Ben-Lutkevich https://www.techtarget.com/contributor/Ben-Lutkevich]


=== JA John Antill ===

MS KM, MCKM, CKS IA & KT, KCS

MS AI Student at Purdue

256-541-1229

[mailto:djanteater@gmail.com djanteater@gmail.com]


=== KB Ken Baclawski ===

[https://ontologforum.com/index.php/KenBaclawski https://ontologforum.com/index.php/KenBaclawski]

[[Category:Definition]]